Ischyodus bifurcatus

Ischyodus is an extinct genus of chimaera. It is the most diverse and long-lived chimaera genus, with over 39 species found worldwide spanning over 140 million years from the Middle Jurassic to the Miocene. Almost all species are only known from tooth plates, with the exception of the Jurassic species I. quenstedti. Complete specimens of I. quenstedti from the Late Jurassic of Germany most closely resemble the genus Callorhinchus amongst living chimaera genera. It is sometimes placed in the "Edaphodontidae", a unclearly defined group of chimaera with an uncertain position within the clade, while other authors place it into Callorhinchidae along with Callorhinchus, a position that has been supported by at least some phylogenetic analyses. It is suggested therefore to probably have had a similar ecology to living Callorhinchus.